THE fact that the colloid osmotic pressures exerted by the body fluids of marine animals arrange themselves in the order of their phylogenetic development 1, suggested that there exists a definite ...

IV Fluid Shortage Linked to Jump in Postoperative Kidney Injury ...

Fluids containing nano- to micrometer scale “colloidal” particles are found universally in nature and technology. Coatings, consumer products, filters, cosmetics, food, pharmaceuticals, and numerous ...

Guidelines to promote the early recovery of patients undergoing major surgery recommend a restrictive intravenous-fluid strategy for abdominal surgery. However, the supporting evidence is limited, and ...

A colloidal solution is a uniform dispersion of two completely different types of components—particles or droplets of one phase, called the solute, in a second, typically liquid, phase, called the ...

Controversy regarding the use of salt-containing solutions in surgery and trauma has continued for most of the 20th century. In 1911, Evans wrote: The therapeutic value of a physiologic saline ...

Lee R. White wanted to be a theoretical physicist. But while he was finishing his doctoral degree, an applied math professor talked him into examining the forces between particles in solution.