At times we wish to examine statistical evidence, and determine whether it supports or contradicts a claim that has been made (or that we might wish to make) concerning the entire population. This is ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

A chi-square (χ2) statistic is a test that is used to measure how expectations compare to actual observed data or model ...

Hypothesis testing is a formal procedure for investigating our ideas about the world using statistics. It is most often used by researchers to test predictions, called hypotheses. The first step in ...

Figure 1. (click to enlarge) Effect of temperature on seal strength. The green bars represent samples created using low temperature. The orange indicates packages created using the high-temperature ...

During his Ph.D. research, mathematician Tyron Lardy worked on a new approach to hypothesis testing. Instead of the traditional p-value, he uses so-called e-values. These turn out to be more ...

If you’d like to pursue being a researcher or scientist by profession, it’s helpful to understand the best way to develop hypotheses and test them to determine results. And even if you don’t decide to ...

Students will conduct an experiment in order to determine the origin of a family artifact. Students will determine whether the results from an experiment successfully determined the origin of a family ...